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}} El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve ((スペイン語:Reserva de la Biosfera El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar)), is a biosphere reserve and UNESCO World Heritage Site〔 managed by the Federal government of Mexico, specifically by Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources, in collaboration with state government of Sonora and the Tohono O'odham. It is in the Sonoran Desert in Northwest Mexico, east of Gulf of California, in the eastern part Gran Desierto de Altar, just below the border of Arizona, United States and north of the city of Puerto Peñasco. It is one of the most significant visible landforms in North America seen from space. A volcanic system, known as Santa Clara is the main part of the landscape, including three peaks; Pinacate, Carnegie and Medio. In the area there are over 540 species of plants, 40 species of mammals, 200 of birds, 40 of reptiles, also amphibians and freshwater fishes.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Reserva de la Biosfera El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar )〕 There are threatened endemic species as sonoran pronghorn, bighorn sheep, gila monster and desert tortoise.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Reserva de la Biosfera El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar )〕 The extension of the Biosphere Reserve is 7,146 km²,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Regiones terrestres prioritarias de México )〕 greater than that of the states of Aguascalientes, Colima, Morelos and Tlaxcala separated.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Información por entidad )〕 == Formation == El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve is known for its unique physical and biological characteristics, by the presence of a volcanic shield, and by the extensive areas of active dunes that surround it, and the greatest concentration of Maar craters. The Pinacate Mountains range has orogenic features of high interest, products of volcanic eruptions that accumulated lava in compact rocks, sand and volcanic ashes that formed colors of special beauty, and craters such as El Elegante, Cerro Colorado, MacDougal, and Sykes.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Reserva de la Biosfera El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar )〕 ;Pinacate Peaks The Pinacate Peaks (''Picos del Pinacate''), a group of volcanic peaks and cinder cones, are located in the Reserve north of Puerto Peñasco. The highest peak is Cerro del Pinacate (Santa Clara volcano), with an elevation of . Pinacate comes from Náhuatl language word ''pinacatl'', for the Pinacate beetle, a stink beetle endemic to the Sonoran Desert. The Pinacate Peaks volcanoes have erupted sporadically for about 4 million years. The most recent activity was about 11 000 years ago. NASA sent astronauts the Gran Desierto de Altar from 1965 to 1970, to train for walking on the moon, due to the similarities of the terrain to the lunar surface. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「El Pinacate y Gran Desierto de Altar Biosphere Reserve」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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